Lipoprotein (a), also known as Lp(a), has been long suspected to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some studies have estimated that 20% of the Caucasian U.S. population may have increased CVD risk due to elevated plasma Lp(a) levels. However, until recently, a lack of robust assays to measure Lp(a) levels has prevented scientific consensus on the nature of Lp(a)-associated risk.